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La forza del destino
' ((:la ˈfɔrtsa del desˈtiːno); ''The Power of Fate'',〔Sadie 2006, p. 231〕 often translated ''The Force of Destiny'') is an Italian opera by Giuseppe Verdi. The libretto was written by Francesco Maria Piave based on a Spanish drama, ' (1835), by Ángel de Saavedra, 3rd Duke of Rivas, with a scene adapted from Friedrich Schiller's ''Wallensteins Lager''. It was first performed in the Bolshoi Kamenny Theatre of Saint Petersburg, Russia, on .
' is frequently performed, and there have been a number of complete recordings. In addition, the overture (to the revised version of the opera) is part of the standard repertoire for orchestras, often played as the opening piece at concerts.
==Performance history==
After some further revisions, performances in Rome in 1863 (as ''Don Alvaro'') and Madrid (with the Duke of Rivas, the play's author, in attendance) followed shortly afterwards, and the opera subsequently travelled to New York and Vienna (1865), Buenos Aires (1866) and London (1867).
Verdi made other revisions, with additions by Antonio Ghislanzoni. This version, which premiered at La Scala, Milan, on 27 February 1869, has become the "standard" performance version. The most important changes were a new overture (replacing a brief prelude); the addition of a final scene to Act 3, following the duel between Carlo and Alvaro; and a new ending, in which Alvaro remains alive, instead of throwing himself off a cliff to his death.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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